| Citation: | NING B J，WANG N Z，JING L L，et al. The retrieval model of shore-based GNSS-R code altimetry[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，2025，51（4）：1395-1403 （in Chinese） doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2023.0213
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With the continuous innovation of GNSS technology, its application fields continue to expand. Because of its all-weather capabilities, low cost, and high spatiotemporal resolution, Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) sea surface altimetry has many benefits in the field of ocean remote sensing. However, due to the limitation of GNSS chip width, the optimal accuracy of shore-based GNSS-R code-delay sea level measurements is only decimeter level, which makes it difficult to meet the accuracy requirements of Geodesy for sea surface height. In order to maximize the GNSS-R code-delay altimetry results, this research suggested using the Fourier series fitting method. To validate the suggested approach, GNSS-R code altimetry experiments were conducted in Weihai City, Shandong Province. The code-delay altimetry results of QZSS L2C signal, QZSS L5 signal and GPS L5 signal are respectively fitted and processed, and the inversion accuracy is calculated. When compared to the original altimetry findings, it is discovered that the RMSEs of the three original altimetry values with varying lengths have improved from 70-90 cm to 9-15 cm following Fourier series fitting. On this basis, the sea surface heights in the next 24 hours are predicted using the fitted Fourier series curve. Compared with the tide gauge data, the prediction results still maintain high accuracy, with RMSE of 13-18 cm and correlation a coefficient greater than 0.97. The above results indicate that the method proposed in this article can not only optimize the code-delay height measurement results and supplement the missing data, but also make high-precision predictions for future sea levels.
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