高空气球太阳电池标定球体反光影响分析及防护

张益清; 黄庭双; 李永祥; 杨燕初; 徐国宁

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2024.0772

高空气球太阳电池标定球体反光影响分析及防护

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2024.0772

张益清^{1, 2},
黄庭双¹,
李永祥¹,
杨燕初^{1, 2},
徐国宁^{1, 2, ,}

1.
中国科学院空天信息创新研究院，北京 100094
2.
中国科学院大学航空宇航学院，北京 101408

基金项目:

中国科学院稳定支持基础研究领域青年团队计划(YSBR-102)；国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3903000,2022YFB3903005)

详细信息

通讯作者:
E-mail：xugn@aircas.ac.cn

中图分类号: V273；V11；TB971
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-29
- 录用日期: 2024-12-20
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-24
- 整期出版日期: 2025-08-31

Analysis and mitigation of spherical reflection effects on solar cell calibration using high-altitude balloons

ZHANG Yiqing^{1, 2},
HUANG Tingshuang¹,
LI Yongxiang¹,
YANG Yanchu^{1, 2},
XU Guoning^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Aerospace Information Research Institute，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100094，China
2.
School of Aeronautics and Astronautics，University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 101408，China

Funds:

CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (YSBR-102); National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB3903000,2022YFB3903005)

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：xugn@aircas.ac.cn

摘要

摘要:
高空气球在太阳电池标定领域内应用越来越广泛，对标定精度的需求日益增加。常规的标定方法只考虑了对日精度，忽略了球体反射的太阳光对标定结果的影响，导致标定结果比理论值高出约5%。为此，提出一种球体反光影响分析方法。使用3阶贝塞尔曲线拟合球体形状并建立模型；计算试验中球体反射对标定装置接收不同波段光的影响；提出如何进行防护及计算球体反射可能的误差原因。采用高空气球和标定设备，在35000 m的高空上对18片太阳电池进行标定。试验和仿真结果表明，球体反射对标定的影响客观存在。仿真结果显示，球体反射导致短路电流最大增加了9.28%；试验数据显示，相较于标准太阳电池的不经过大气层的太阳光谱(AM0)值，实际短路电流高出约5.28%。最后，根据仿真结果，提出使用特定角度的遮光罩以避免球体反射对标定的影响。
- 太阳电池 /
- 高空气球 /
- 标定 /
- 太阳电池效率 /
- 不经过大气层的太阳光谱
Abstract:
Accurate calibration is becoming more and more necessary as high-altitude balloons are utilized more frequently for solar cell calibration. Conventional approaches produce calibration values that are roughly 5% higher than theoretical values because they only take into account direct sunlight precision and disregard the effect of spherical reflection. This paper proposes an analysis method for spherical reflection effects, which involves fitting the sphere’s shape using a third-order Bessel curve and modeling it. The method calculates how the sphere’s reflection affects the calibration device’s reception of different light wavelengths. 18 solar cells were calibrated at a height of 35000 m using the high-altitude balloon and calibration apparatus that are part of the experimental setup. Both experimental and simulation results confirm the impact of spherical reflection. Simulation results show that reflection can increase short-circuit current by up to 9.28%, while experimental data indicate that the actual short-circuit current is about 5.28% higher than the air mass 0 (AM0) value of standard cells.
- solar cell /
- high-altitude balloon /
- calibration /
- solar cell efficiency /
- AM0

HTML全文

图 1 太阳电池标定飞行系统

Figure 1. Solar cell calibration flight system

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图 2 平飞过程球体反射示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of spherical reflection during level flight

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图 3 球体建模示意图

Figure 3. Sphere modeling diagram

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图 4 高空气球和标定装置示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of high-altitude balloon and calibration device

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图 5 反射光入射角随时间变化曲线

Figure 5. Curve of incidence angle changing over time

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图 6 可见光反射比随时间变化曲线

Figure 6. Curve of visible light reflectance% over time

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图 7 红外光反射比随时间变化曲线

Figure 7. Curve of infrared light reflectance% over time

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图 8 球体反射计算软件

Figure 8. Spherical reflection calculation software

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图 9 反射光占比随时间变化曲线

Figure 9. Curve of percentage of light reflectance over time

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图 10 平飞段待标定太阳电池温度变化曲线（4 s/条）

Figure 10. Curve of temperature variation for solar cells during the level flight segment to be calibrated (4 s/record)

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图 11 球体反射分析软件

Figure 11. Spherical reflection analysis software

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图 12 反射光与水平面夹角随时间变化曲线

Figure 12. Curve of angle between the reflected light and the horizontal plane over time

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图 13 遮光板、标定装置和球体的几何位置示意图

Figure 13. Schematic diagram of the positions of the sunshield, calibration device, and spherical object

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表 1 球体材料对不同波段光的反射率

Table 1. Reflectance of spherical materials for different wavelengths of light

波段	反射率
可见光390～780 nm波段	0.1042
红外光780～1200 nm波段（标准硅片上限波段）	0.085

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 各类型太阳电池标定数据

Table 2. Calibration data for various solar cells

序号	短路电流/ mA	开路电压/ mV	被测电池温度/℃	类型	标准电池/ mA
18-04-1	84.5	1328.6	25.0	单晶硅	171.2
18-04-2	112.7	886.9	25.3	单晶硅	171.2
18-04-3	94.55	251.8	25.6	砷化镓	170.6
18-04-4	82.2	2542.1	24.9	单晶硅	170.6
18-04-5	56.8	1450.2	25.5	单晶硅	170.8
18-04-6	66.4	1052.0	25.3	单晶硅	170.8
18-04-7	58.4	793.3	25.1	单晶硅	170.0
18-04-8	69.4	240.6	24.9	砷化镓	170.6
18-04-9	58.0	3438.3	24.5	砷化镓	166.8
18-04-10	50.6	1548.6	24.6	单晶硅	170.7
18-04-11	47.2	1189.7	25.0	砷化镓	165.8
18-04-12	49.2	975.1	24.6	砷化镓	170.0
18-04-13	58.5	690.2	24.5	砷化镓	161.7
18-04-14	48.1	443.8	25.1	砷化镓	170.9
18-04-15	177.1	617.4	25.0	砷化镓	171.3
18-04-16	73.3	1457.5	25.3	单晶硅	171.6
18-04-17	76.1	1006.1	25.0	单晶硅	171.4
18-04-18	77.6	473.25	24.8	单晶硅	170.8
注：表格中数据为符合条件数据的平均值。

下载: 导出CSV

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