Effect pattern of multiple factors on output performance of solar array for stratospheric airships
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摘要:
太阳电池阵是平流层飞艇实现长期驻空的关键分系统之一。基于此，建立太阳电池阵曲面铺装模型，提出高精度的太阳电池阵输出性能计算方法，仿真分析纬度、日期、飞艇航向等多类因素对太阳电池阵输出性能的影响规律。仿真结果表明：在北半球，辐照条件较好的夏季，纬度对太阳电池阵输出性能的影响相对较小，秋冬两季，纬度对太阳电池阵输出性能的影响较大；日期对太阳电池阵输出峰值功率和日输出总电量均存在重要影响，且中高纬度地区影响更大；低纬度地区，航向对太阳电池阵输出峰值功率的影响很小，对日输出总电量存在一定影响，高纬度地区，航向对太阳电池阵输出峰值功率的影响与日期有关，夏季较小，冬季较大。研究结果为平流层飞艇能源系统设计和总体设计提供了参考。
Abstract:Solar array is a key subsystem for stratospheric airships to achieve long-endurance station-keeping. A curved surface paving model for solar arrays was established, and a high-precision calculation method for the output performance of solar arrays was proposed. The effect patterns of multiple factors, including latitude, date, and heading, on the output performance of solar arrays were simulated and analyzed. Simulation results show that: in the summer of the northern hemisphere with favorable irradiation, the effect of latitude on the output performance of solar arrays is relatively small, while the effect is much greater in autumn and winter. Date has an important effect on the peak output power and total daily output power of solar arrays, especially in regions at middle and high latitudes. In low-latitude regions, the heading has little effect on the peak output power of the solar array, but a certain effect on the total daily output power of the solar array, while in high-latitude regions, the heading’s effect varies with the date, being smaller in the summer and larger in the winter. The findings can provide references for renewable energy system design and the overall design of stratospheric airships.
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Key words:
- stratospheric airship /
- solar array /
- output performance /
- latitude /
- date /
- heading
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图 4 不同纬度太阳电池阵日输出总电量（7月30日）
Figure 4. Total daily output power of solar array in different latitudes (July 30)
表 1 主要参数
Table 1. Main parameters
参数 数值 飞艇长度/m 70.0 太阳电池阵面积/m2 500 太阳电池组件宽度/m 0.4 飞艇最大直径/m 20.4 太阳电池光电转化效率 0.08 最大安装角/rad π/2 
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表 2 不同纬度太阳电池阵日输出总电量
Table 2. Total daily output power of solar array in different latitudes
典型日期 太阳电池阵日输出总电量/(kW·h) 15°N 30°N 45°N 60°N 75°N 85°N 6月21日 376.8 404.8 413.7 414.1 456.7 459.9 7月30日 375.6 388.4 379.0 355.5 378.3 382.0 9月23日 350.0 310.3 249.8 181.5 115.0 66.9 12月22日 280.1 201.3 125.8 51.9 0 0
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表 3 不同日期太阳电池阵日输出总电量
Table 3. Total daily output power of solar array on different dates
典型地区 太阳电池阵日输出总电量/(kW·h) 6月21日(夏至) 9月23日(秋分) 12月22日(冬至) (20°N,112°E) 388.6 339.3 253.9 (40°N,112°E) 412.5 271.9 159.5 (60°N,112°E) 414.1 249.8 51.9
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表 4 不同航向太阳电池阵日输出总电量
Table 4. Total daily output power of solar array in different headings
区域与日期 太阳电池阵日输出总电量/(kW·h) 北向 东向 南向 西向 (20°N,112°E) 6月21日(夏至) 404.6 388.6 400.5 388.6 9月23日(秋分) 353.8 339.3 359.5 339.3 12月22日(冬至) 257.3 253.8 269.7 253.8 (40°N,112°E) 6月21日(夏至) 428.9 412.6 429.9 412.6 9月23日(秋分) 286.9 271.9 297.0 271.9 12月22日(冬至) 137.3 150.5 149.9 150.5 (60°N,112°E) 6月21日(夏至) 430.2 414.1 434.4 414.1 9月23日(秋分) 191.4 181.5 203.6 181.5 12月22日(冬至) 24.5 51.9 30.6 51.9
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