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摘要:
由于在35 km及以上海拔高度的临近空间能够获得与空间类似的太阳光谱和辐射环境，以及太阳电池高空气球标定的便捷性、经济性和准确性，35 km太阳电池高空气球标定方法被认为是目前最佳的空间太阳电池高空原位标定方法。针对在太阳电池高空气球标定方法的实际试验中每组数据标定工况的差别导致标定结果一致性差的问题，通过分析太阳电池温度、辐照度、太阳入射角、光谱失配等因素对高空气球标定的影响，提出太阳电池高空气球标定方法的数据修正模型，并基于飞行标定试验数据验证了所提模型的正确性，同时，对太阳电池高空气球标定数据进行了不确定度分析，短路电流的相对扩展不确定度评估为1.4%(包含因子
k =2)。为后续开展太阳电池高空气球标定试验数据修正提供了的理论依据，并从测量不确定度的角度验证了中国科学院高空气球标定试验的可行性。Abstract:By considering that a spectral and radiation environment similar to space can be obtained at an altitude of 35 km and above, as well as the convenience, economy, and accuracy of solar cell calibration using high-altitude balloons, a high-altitude balloon calibration method for solar cells at 35 km altitude is regarded as the best in-situ calibration method for space solar cells at present. Aiming at the poor consistency in calibration results caused by variations in calibration conditions for each group of data in the actual tests of solar cells using the high-altitude balloon calibration method, this paper analyzed the influence of solar cell temperature, irradiance, solar incidence angle, spectral mismatch, and other factors on high-altitude balloon calibration. A data correction model for this calibration method was proposed and validated using the data obtained from the flight calibration test. Moreover, the uncertainty of the calibration data of solar cells using a high-altitude balloon was analyzed, and a relative expanded uncertainty of 1.4% (
k = 2) was achieved for short-circuit current. This paper can provide theoretical support for the subsequent data correction of high-altitude balloon calibration tests for solar cells. Additionally, it verified the feasibility of the high-altitude balloon calibration test proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences from the perspective of measurement uncertainty.-
Key words:
- solar cell /
- high-altitude balloon /
- AM0 calibration /
- metrology /
- uncertainty
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图 3 气球发放及起飞时系统实物图
Figure 3. Physical system diagram during balloon deployment and launch
表 1 短路电流校准过程分析
Table 1. Analysis of short-circuit current calibration process
太阳电池NM3-3 平均短路电流 Isc/mA 标准偏差S/mA 未修正 16.65 0.161 温度修正 16.71 0.118 辐照度修正 16.51 0.142 入射角修正 16.68 0.121 全修正后 16.49 0.105 
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表 2 4块电池重复测量结果分析
Table 2. Analysis of repeated measurement results of four cells
太阳电池 平均短路电流
Isc/mA标准偏差
S/mA不确定度
A类/%NM 3-3 16.48 0.057 0.10 NM 3-4 16.36 0.086 0.12 NM 3-5 16.42 0.068 0.13 NM 3-6 16.70 0.061 0.12
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表 3 不确定度评定汇总
Table 3. Summary of uncertainty evaluation
不确定度来源 类别 标准不确定度/% 重复性测量 A 0.13 测量仪器误差 B 0.10 温度 B 0.12 辐照度 B 0.60 入射角 B 0.20 光谱失配 B 0.20
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