Optimal design for magnetic circuit in giant magnetostrictive ultrasonic transducer
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摘要:
为了改善磁路环境，最大限度地降低超磁致伸缩超声换能器的发热，将磁路间隙作为研究对象，采用Maxwell有限元软件对磁路间隙与超磁致伸缩材料（GMM）棒的磁场强度的关系进行了分析，并通过实验对超声换能器的阻抗和振幅，以及GMM棒的温度进行了测量。结果表明：随着磁路间隙的增大，GMM棒的磁场强度和磁场均匀度减小；随着导磁圆筒槽宽的增大，超声换能器的谐振频率基本一致，GMM棒的温度减小。当导磁圆筒的槽宽约为6 mm时，该GMM棒的磁场均匀度最高，机械品质因数最大，这对超磁致伸缩超声换能器的优化设计具有重要的意义。
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关键词:
- 超磁致伸缩材料(GMM) /
- 超声换能器 /
- 磁路优化 /
- 磁场均匀度 /
- 磁场强度
Abstract:In order to improve the magnetic circuit environment and minimize the heating of the giant magnetostrictive ultrasonic transducer, the magnetic path gap was taken as the research object, and the relationships between the magnetic path gap and the magnetic field strength of the giant magnetostrictive material (GMM) rod were analyzed by Maxwell finite element software. The impedance and amplitude of the ultrasonic transducer and the temperature of the GMM rod were measured by experiments. Experimental results show that the magnetic field strength and magnetic field uniformity of the GMM rod decrease with the increase of the magnetic path gap. As the slot width of the magnetically permeable cylinder increases, the resonant frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is basically the same, the temperature of the GMM rod is reduced; When the slot width of the magnetic cylinder is about 6 mm, the magnetic field uniformity of the GMM rod is the highest and the mechanical quality factor is the largest, which is of great significance for the optimal design of the giant magnetostrictive ultrasonic transducer.
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图 1 超磁致伸缩超声振动主轴的结构示意图
Figure 1. Structure diagram of giant magnetostoictive ultrasonic spindle
图 3 闭合磁路和有间隙磁路的磁感应强度
Figure 3. Magnetic induction intensity of closed magnetic circuit and magnetic circuit with gap
图 4 不同磁路间隙时GMM棒轴向磁场强度
Figure 4. Axial magnetic field intensity of GMM rod at different magnetic path gaps
图 5 不同磁路间隙时GMM棒轴向磁场均匀度
Figure 5. Axial magnetic field uniformity of GMM rod at different magnetic path gaps
图 7 不同槽宽时GMM棒轴向磁场强度
Figure 7. Axial magnetic field intensity of GMM rods at different solt widths
图 8 不同槽宽时GMM棒轴向磁场均匀度
Figure 8. Axial magnetic field uniformity of GMM rods at different slot widths
表 1 材料的磁导率
Table 1. Magnetic permeability of materials
材料 磁导率μ GMM棒 10 永磁体 1.07 电工纯铁 2000 硬铝 1 
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表 2 换能器阻抗分析结果
Table 2. Results of impedance analysis of transducer
槽宽/mm 谐振频率fs/kHz 半功率频率/kHz 机械品质因数Qm f1 f2 0 19.277 19.19 19.32 148.28 4 19.258 19.18 19.33 145.89 6 19.240 19.20 19.30 192.40 8 19.253 19.20 19.31 176.63
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